Future tenses / Tenpi futuri
(Original at http://esl.fis.edu/grammar/rules/future.htm)
There are several different ways in English to talk about the future, depending on many issues...and you'll see...Venetian works much easier! :)
In this page I start from the classification of English future forms, giving some examples and translating them to Venetian. I took the classification of futures from the site above and I implemented it, adding some structures that were not included. Finally, you will find the classification of Venetian futures.
English future forms
- Predictions/statements of fact
- Intentions
- Arrangements
- Scheduled events
- Continuous futures
- Particular forms
Predictions/statements of fact
The auxiliary verb
will is used in making predictions or simple statements of fact about the future.
I already know my parents won't let me go to the party.
Sò xà che i mìi no me łasarà ndare ała festa.
You won't pass your exams if you don't start working harder.
No te pasarè i to exami se no te tachi lavorare pì duro.
The sun will rise at 6.30 tomorrow.
Doman el sołe leva ałe sìe e mexa (6.30)
Will we come back soon?
Tornaremo presto?
By 2050 all students will have their own computers in school.
Pa'l 2050 tuti i studenti gavarà i so computer scoła.
Intentions
The auxiliary verb
going to is used in talking about intentions. (plans for the future you have already thought about.)
I'm going to work in a bank when I leave school.
Vojo ndare/Ndarò lavorare in banca co finiso ła scoła.
Are you going to play basketball after school?
Gheto intension de ndar xugare a basket dopo ła scoła?
He's not going to come to the dance. He's got too much work.
No el vegnarà bałare. El ga masa łavoro.
We're going to buy a new car next month.
Ndaremo cronpare na machina nova el mexe prosimo.
What are you going to have for lunch today?
Cosa pensito/pensavito de torte ancò da magnare?
In the new year they're going to stop eating so much junk.
Par l'ano novo i ga intension de mołargeła de magnare cusì tante porcarìe.
Arrangements
The
present continuous tense is used in talking about arrangements. (plans for the future already discussed with someone else.)
I'm meeting my mother at the airport tomorrow.
Doman vedarò me mare in areoporto.
Do you know if she is going to the dance with us next week?
Ti seto se ła vien bałare co' noialtri ła setimana prosima?
My sister's going to the dentist tomorrow.
Me soreła ga da ndare dal dentista doman.
Our grandparents are visiting us this Christmas.
I nostri noni vegarà catàrne sto Nadałe.
They are not staying home for the holidays.
No łi starà caxa pa' łe vacanse.
Scheduled events
The
present simple tense is usually used to refer to future events that are scheduled (and outside of our control).
Hurry up! The train leaves in 10 minutes.
Desbrìgate! El treno parte fra diexe (10) minuti.
She has an appointment with the teacher after school today.
Ancò ła ga on apuntamento co'l maestro dopo scoła.
The bus doesn't leave for another 30 minutes.
La coriera no parte par n'altra mexa ora.
When does the meeting begin?
Cuando xe che scumìsia ła riunion?
Continuous futures
Continuous tenses convey the idea of an event or state going on for a period of time in the future:
Future continuous
Don't call me after 9 o'clock. I'll be sleeping.
No stà ciamarme dopo łe 9. Sarò drìo dormire.
At this time next week you will be sitting in the plane on the way to New York.
La setimana prosima a sta ora te sarè sentà in aereo drìo ndare a New York.
He will be taking a test all afternoon.
El sarà drìo fare un exame par tuto el pomerijo.
We won't be working on our car this weekend.
No łavoraremo so' ła nostra machina sto fine setimana.
Future perfect
I hope my mother will have finished cooking dinner by the time I get home.
Spero che me mare gàe finìo de cuxinare ła sena ora che rive caxa.
Come at 6 o'clock. I will have done my homework by then.
Vien ałe sìe (6). Gavarò fato łe me łesion pa' chel ora.
There's no point calling her at home. She will have left for work already.
No ga senso ciamarla caxa. A sarà xà partìa pa' ndar łavorare.
On July 25th 2020 they will have been married for 60 years.
El 25 de lujo del 2020 i sarà stà maridài par sesanta (60) ani.
Future perfect continuous
By the time I retire I will have been working here for 45 years!
Ora che ndarò in pension gavarò łavorà cuà par cuarantasincue (45) ani!
If she reaches her 70th birthday, she will have been smoking for half a century!
Se ła rivarà al setanteximo (70°) conpleano, ła gavarà fumà par mexo secoło!
Future Verbs in Venetian language
The Venetian language has two future tenses - the Futuro Senplice and the Futuro Conposto - but actually there is no direct rule linking the use of futures tenses in English an Venetian because while in English the construction is chosen depending on the personal intentions or feelings of the speaker, in Venetian (and romance languages in general) this election is linked only to the time when the action is made.
EL FUTURO SENPLICE
The simple future tense (el Futuro Senplice) in Venetian is used to talk about future actions.
Stasera ghe tełefonaro’ ała me amiga. Tonight I’ll call my friend.
Me fioło farà on exame doman. My son will take an exam tomorrow.
Stasera parlerò co' me mojere. This evening I will talk with my wife.
This tense is formed by adding endings to the verbs, which usually drop the final –e from the infinitive and add the endings -ò, -è, -à, -emo, -è/-ì, -à.
ESAR(E) (GA)VER(E) FAR(E)
mi sarò gavarò farò
ti te sarè gavarè farè
elo el sarà gavarà farà
ela la sarà gavarà farà
noialtri saremo gavaremo faremo
voialtri sarè/ì gavarè//ì farè/ì
lori i sarà gavarà farà
EL FUTURO CONPOSTO
This future tense describes actions that will have happened in the future.
Co' te sarè rivà caxa tua mi sarò xà neła mia da un toco. When you arrive at your house I will already be in mine since a long time.
Co' gavarò finìo ła riunion ndarò disnare. When I finish the meeting I will have lunch.
There is no direct equivalent of the Futuro Conposto in English. As shown in the examples above, English uses present tense. The Futuro Composto is formed by two verbs, an auxiliary verb gavere or esare in the future form and a past participle of a verb.
